英文摘要(100~150 words)須與中文摘要相對應,摘要應回答好以下4方面問題:1) What you want to do(直接寫出研究目的,可缺省);2) Howyou did it(詳細陳述過程和方法);3)What results did you get and whatconclusions can you draw(全面羅列結果和結論);4) What is original in yourpaper(通過2)和3)兩方面內容展示文中創(chuàng)新之處)。 1) 首句不得簡單重復題名中已有的信息; 2) 用過去時態(tài)敘述作者工作,用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)敘述作者結論; 3) 文摘中的縮寫名稱在第一次出現(xiàn)時要有全稱; 4) 文摘中盡量少用特殊字符; 5) 用重要的事實開頭,盡可能避免用輔助從句開頭,例如: 用Power consumption of telephone suitchingsystems was determined from data obtained experimentally. 6) 避免使用動詞的名詞形式。例如: 正:“Thickness of plastic sheet wasmeasured”;誤:“measurement of thickness of plastic sheetwas made” 7) 正確地使用冠詞,既應避免多加冠詞,也應避免蹩腳地省略冠詞。例如: 正:“Pressure is a function of thetemperature”;誤:“The pressure is a function of thetemperature”; 8) 避免使用長的、連串的形容詞、名詞、或形容詞加名詞,來修飾名詞?墒褂媒樵~短語,或用連字符連接名詞詞組中的名詞,形成修飾單元。 9) 盡量用主動語態(tài)代替被動語態(tài),如:Aexceeds B比B is exceeded by A好。 10) 構成句子時,動詞應靠近主語。 “When the pigment was dissolved indioxane, decolorization was irreversible, after 10 hr of UV irradiation.” 11) 能用名詞做定語不要用動名詞做定語,例如: 用measurement accuracy,不用measuring accuracy 12) 可直接用名詞或名詞短語做定語的情況下,要少用of句型,例如: 用measurement accur不用accuracy of measurement 13) 可用動詞的情況盡量避免用動詞的名詞形式,例如: 用Thickness of plastic sheet was measured.;不用Measurement of thickness of plastic sheet was made.
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